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Temples and Shrines in Japan: Guide to Sacred Sites and Etiquette

Wendy Wu Tours Team

You can’t walk far in any Japanese neighbourhood without encountering a temple or shrine. These sacred sites are among the most peaceful places you’ll find and are deeply woven into the fabric of daily life and Japanese culture.

With approximately 100,000 Shinto shrines and 80,000 Buddhist temples scattered across the country, Japan offers endless opportunities for spiritual exploration and cultural discovery. In Kyoto alone, there are over 5,570 such sites – a testament to their importance.

What’s the Difference Between a Shrine and a Temple?

Most Japanese people practise Shintoism, Buddhism, or both. The two religions are often blended, so you’ll frequently find temples within shrines and vice versa. Whether you're in bustling Tokyo or a quiet rural town, these spiritual landmarks are everywhere.

Here’s how to tell them apart:

Buddhist Temples (tera or oji)

Burn incense in front of the temple as an offering.
Pagodas are common – often multi-tiered with three entrances below.
Temples typically feature statues of the Buddha as the central object of worship.
Guardian statues called ‘Nio’ or ‘Kongōrikishi’ often flank the gate to ward off evil spirits.

📍Example: Cleansing at Senso-ji Temple, Tokyo

Shinto Shrines (jinja)

Enter through a torii gate, symbolising the transition from the human world to the sacred.
Guarded by a pair of komainu (lion-dog statues) or other protectors like foxes (e.g. Fushimi Inari Shrine in Kyoto).
A water fountain (chōzuya) is provided for purifying hands and mouth before entering.
Worship of kami (spirits or gods) found in nature – trees, rocks, mountains – often marked by sacred ropes (shimenawa) or mirrors.

📍Example: Foxes guarding Fushimi Inari Shrine, Kyoto

Proper Etiquette at Japanese Temples and Shrines

When visiting, it's important to follow local customs:

At Shinto Shrines:

Purify your hands and mouth at the water basin.
Throw a coin into the offering box.
Ring the bell (if there is one).
Bow twice.
Clap twice.
Make a silent wish or prayer.
Finish with one final bow.

At Buddhist Temples:

Be respectful and quiet.
There are no set rituals – simply pray silently or observe.

Top Shrines and Temples to Visit in Japan

Here are some of Japan’s most iconic spiritual sites – a must-see for any visitor.

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Kinkaku-ji (The Golden Pavilion), Kyoto

Covered entirely in gold leaf, Kinkaku-ji reflects beautifully in the surrounding pond. Originally built in 1397, this Zen Buddhist temple is a top attraction in Kyoto.

Kiyomizu-dera, Kyoto

Known as the Pure Water Temple, Kiyomizu-dera is home to the Goddess of Mercy. With a history spanning over 1,200 years, it’s one of Kyoto’s UNESCO World Heritage Sites.

Experience it on Jewels of Japan

Fushimi Inari Taisha, Kyoto

Famous for its thousands of vibrant red torii gates, this Shinto shrine offers an unforgettable walk through a spiritual mountain path. From the top, enjoy stunning views over Kyoto.

Experience it on Japan Uncovered

Fushimi Inari Shrine Kyoto Japan

Tōdai-ji Temple, Nara

This temple houses the world’s largest bronze Buddha statue. Built in 752 AD, Tōdai-ji is also home to friendly deer that bow in exchange for crackers!

Itsukushima Shrine, Miyajima (Hiroshima)

Located on the island of Miyajima, Itsukushima Shrine is famous for its “floating” torii gate, which appears to hover above the sea at high tide. It’s particularly breathtaking at sunset.

Experience it on Japan by Rail

Sensō-ji Temple, Tokyo

Tokyo’s oldest temple, Sensō-ji dates back to 645 AD. According to legend, two fishermen discovered a statue of the Goddess Kannon in the Sumida River, leading to the temple’s founding. Today, it’s one of the most visited temples in Japan.

Experience it on Japan Uncovered

Explore Japan's Temples and Shrines with Wendy Wu Tours

This is just a small taste of the countless shrines and temples waiting to be discovered across Japan. Whether you're exploring during cherry blossom season or the vibrant autumn leaves, visiting these sacred sites is a deeply enriching experience.

Ready to explore? Book a tour to Japan with Wendy Wu Tours and immerse yourself in the rich culture, history, and spirituality of this fascinating country.